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Comparison of Task Performance by Students With Autism and Moderate Intellectual Disabilities When Presenting Video Models on Large and Small Screen Sizes

By Mechling, Linda; Youhouse, Iva R.; Journal of Special Education Technology, Volume 27, Number 1, pages 1-14
Publication Date: 2012

Study compared the ability of students with disabilities to complete fine motor tasks when presented with video models on a small personal digital assistant (PDA) screen and a traditional computer laptop screen. Two groups of elementary age students participated in the study: (1) one boy and three girls aged 8 years 11 months to 9 years 5 months with moderate intellectual disabilities (Moderate ID), and (2) five boys aged 7 years 1 month to 11 years with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). An adapted alternating treatments design with extended baseline, comparison, and final treatment condition was used to compare performance across the two screen sizes. Three sets of fine motor tasks comprising 5 tasks per set were selected for the study. Tasks were paired across the sets by level of difficulty and type of motor movement required to be of relatively equal difficulty. Overall results suggested that students with ASD may perform equally well, regardless of screen size, while some students with Moderate ID may need a larger screen size in order to perform fine motor tasks using video models. Results further indicated that individual differences occurred across some of the students, with two of the students with Moderate ID performing better when using the smaller screen. In addition, task requirements may have influenced performance, as more errors occurred with tasks that may have presented greater cognitive challenges to students.
Published by: Exceptional Innovations   (Website:http://www.exinn.net)

Technology and Media Division (TAM) of the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC)    (Web Site: http://www.tamcec.org )
This publication is included in the library of the National Rehabilitation Information Center (NARIC), accession number J62851
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